The Law Of Definite Proportions

4.4: Law of Definite Proportions

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Figure \(\PageIndex{ane}\) (Credit: Courtesy of Staff Sgt. Christopher Flurry, U.Due south. Marine Corps; Source: Commons Wikimedia, File:USMC-110609-M-FK922-004.jpg(opens in new window) [eatables.wikimedia.org]; License: Public Domain)

We use electricity for many purposes—from cooking, to powering our televisions, to charging our cell phones. Wherever nosotros travel in the United States, nosotros want electricity to be available. What nosotros besides want (although we usually don't think virtually it) is for the electricity supply to exist the same wherever we go. We desire the same voltage (110 volts for the U.S.) to come from the outlet to whatsoever nosotros plug in. If the voltage is less, the organisation will not work. If it is more, the equipment will be damaged. We desire a definite corporeality of voltage—no more and no less.

Law of Definite Proportions

The discovery that mass was e'er conserved in chemical reactions was soon followed past the law of definite proportions, which states that a given chemic chemical compound always contains the same elements in the exact same proportions past mass. As an example, any sample of pure water contains \(11.19\%\) hydrogen and \(88.81\%\) oxygen by mass. Information technology does not matter where the sample of h2o came from or how information technology was prepared. Its composition, like that of every other compound, is stock-still.

Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): Water. (Credit: Jenn Durfey; Source: Flickr Photos, Water Faucet(opens in new window) [www.flickr.com]; License:CC by 2.0(opens in new window))

Some other example is carbon dioxide. This gas is produced from a variety of reactions, ofttimes by the called-for of materials. The structure of the gas consists of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. Carbon dioxide production is of involvement in many areas, from the amount we breathe to the amount of the gas produced by called-for woods or fossil fuels. Past knowing the verbal composition of carbon dioxide, nosotros can brand predictions as to the effects of different chemical processes.

Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): Carbon dioxide is produced during the called-for process. (Credit: Courtesy of Patsy Lynch, FEMA; Source: Eatables Wikimedia, FEMA Photograph by Patsy Lynch taken on 04-17-2006 in Missouri(opens in new window) [commons.wikimedia.org]; License: Public Domain)

Summary

• The law of definite proportions states that a given compound always contains the same elements in the exact same proportions by mass.

Review

1. Land the police force of definite proportions.
2. Volition the composition of water molecules vary depending on its source?
3. Why is this law important?

Explore More

Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow.

1. How many hydrogen atoms are in that location in a molecule of water?
2. How many oxygen atoms are in that location in a molecule of water?
3. What is the mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in a molecule of water?
4. Will the mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen change depending on the size of the sample?      For example if the sample size was 10 Fifty or 10,000 50.

The Law Of Definite Proportions,

Source: https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_%28CK-12%29/04:_Atomic_Structure/4.04:_Law_of_Definite_Proportions

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